KASHMIR BLUE SAPPHIRE
Ancient jewellers in India had classified
gemstones into two major categories: Maharatnani
(great gems) and Uparatnani
(secondary gems). Diamonds, rubies, sapphires, pearls and emeralds were placed
in the former class. In India, gemstones are believed to possess supernatural
powers. All the gemstones are represented by some planet or the other. The
famous Kashmir sapphires are extracted from a remote region in the Great
Himalayas of north-western India. They are found in the small Kudi (rock)
Valley (elevation of approx. 4500 m), near the hamlet of Sumjam, in the area of
Padar in Kashmir.
Primitive methods have always been used for
mining in Kashmir due to the remote location and altitude. The sapphires of
Kashmir are known for their highly saturated violetish- blue color and “sleepy”
or “velvety” transparency due to the presence of silk. They are extremely rare
and so highly valued that they have gained an almost mythical reputation. They
come from the outcrops in the high wall of the Kudi Valley which is quite a
remote area and the weather is particularly harsh. Pink sapphires too have been
found here. The sapphires of Kashmir and Sri Lanka bear an uncanny resemblance,
with all of them being almost spindle-shaped hexagonal bipyramids. Some of them
are slightly flattened.
These sapphires contain solid inclusions
that are generally small. The haziness prevalent in Kashmir sapphires is of a
very fine nature. It is not going to degrade the clarity of the stone but will
impart a unique velvety lustre for sure. Strong color zoning is displayed in
the cut stones because of the irregular distribution of color in the Kashmir
region. According to the Moh’s scale the hardness of Kashmir sapphire is 9
which is just a degree below than that of a diamond.
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